Inefficiency

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Elevator & Escalator Project

Saturday, September 6th, 2008
Former location of Unit 323, Ashmont Station

Former location of Unit 323, Ashmont Station (demolished in 2006)

At the end of 2007, the MBTA operated 167 escalators in 50 transit stations.  The MBTA believed that it operated one additional unit in one additional station at the end of 2007 (and it reported that to the Globe, among others), but that was not true.  Incidentally, that escalator also didn’t have a spotless operating record as the MBTA claimed.  The extra escalator (unit 323 in Ashmont Station) was dismantled before 2007.  Ooops.

I’ve long harbored suspicion that the MBTA’s analysis of its escalator statistics was imprecise or selective.  This project collects the MBTA’s escalator outage statistics so that they can be more carefully evaluated.  I’m also in the process of conducting an informal audit of the accuracy of the records.  Eventually, I hope to have some data reflecting how close the data matches reality.

2007 MBTA Escalator Data

As a starting point, I received from the MBTA a complete set of records for 2007 relating to elevator and escalator outages.  I have uploaded a more compact version of the escalator data, downloadable here as a 236kb tab-delimited text file.  The data contains a list of MBTA daily log entries for instances when an escalator was out of service; the station, unit number, beginning of the outage, and (if it ended the same day) the end of the outage.  For outages spanning multiple days, there are multiple entries.  One outage was more than three months.

What interesting nuggets have the data revealed?

Highest % of Time Out of Service in 2007

Unit 394, Aquarium station (outbound platform to mezzanine).  18.6% (68 days). This unit went out of service on May 21 and was not back online until July 25, when “98 steps” had been replaced.  Wasn’t that station renovated recently?

Unit 6, State Street station (northbound platform to paid lobby).  15.0% (55 days). This unit experienced three weeks-long outages.

Greatest Number of Separate Outages

Unit 113, Downtown Crossing (Red Line northbound platform to Hawley Street).  62 separate restarts after repairs.  Average time per outage: 9.6 hours.  In October and November, alone there were 21 separate outages.  Most often the unit wouldn’t start; occasionally it wouldn’t stop.  There were several notations about the handrail.  Apparently the problem was not easily located or fixed.

Unit 354, Alewife station (concourse to garage level 2).  56 separate restarts after repairs.  Average time per outage: 10.1 hours.  Sixteen separate outages in July, including 6 in two consecutive days.  The unit repeatedly shut itself off, inexplicably.

Most Reliable

Two units had no outages reported.  Both are doubtful and have been disqualified.  Unit 323, Ashmont station, was demolished before the year began and, contrary to MBTA daily reports, did not operate in 2007.  Unit 348, Quincy Adams station, serving the top level of the multi-story parking garage, had no outages reported, but in a visit in 2008, the unit was out of service and the attendant was not aware of the outage.  The most likely winners are as follows:

Unit 404, World Trade Center (outbound platform to lobby).  86 minutes out of service in 2007.

Unit 397, Aquarium station (1st landing to street).  287 minutes out of service in 2007.

Stations with Highest Rates Out of Service

Beachmont station, 2 escalators, 5.9% of time out of service.

Park Street station, 3 escalators, 5.2% of time out of service.

Porter Square station, 7 escalators, 5.1% of time out of service.

Stations with Lowest Rates Out of Service

Jackson Square station, 1 escalator, 0.1% of time out of service.

Wellington station, 2 escalators, 0.1% of time out of service.

Dishonorable mentions

Units 428 & 429, Maverick station (unpaid lobby to street).  These units were new and began service in October.  They don’t make escalators like they used to.  In their first month of operation, together the units accumulated 28 separate outages.  They finished 2007 ranked numbers 3 and 19 in highest percentage of time out of service (of 169 units).  The problem apparently was that the new units repeatedly would not start.

Unit 123, Andrew station (southbound platform to busway).  Highest differential between rush hour time out of service (12.4%) and general time out of service (9.8%).  The unit was often out of service, and especially at rush hour.

Units 326, 327, and 383, North Quincy station; Unit 125 Bowdoin station.  The MBTA reported superior reliability for each of these units when calculated on a standard 20-hour, 7-day a week schedule.  Kudos.  Except the facilities in which these units are located didn’t operate on a full schedule in 2007.  The areas where the escalators were located closed early each night and did not open on weekends.  Results should have been calculated on a 15-hour day (plus or minus) and a 5-day week.

What time is it?

Saturday, September 6th, 2008
Back Bay TV Screen (Time is 5:58)

5:58

I love the new digital displays in the commuter rail stations at Back Bay and South Station.  The old, fuzzy, monochrome television displays were due for retirement.  For now the systems display side-by-side. But that creates an unexpected dilemma.  With two displays apparently feeding from two separate computer systems, riders are left with the very basic question of …. what time is it?

Back Bay New Display (Time is 5:54)

5:54

The pictures on the left and right are from two displays side-by-side in Back Bay station.  One reads 5:54 and the other reads 5:58.  Which clock is correct?  I really don’t know!  I know what you’re going to say: maybe it is better not to know the time when you are dealing with the MBTA.  Perhaps, but these trains in particular run with big headways of 30 minutes to 2 hours.  There is a long wait between trains.  If you miss one, you’re in trouble.  It is important to know the time.

And as an aside, the new boards (on the left) have another bizarre feature.  When the time comes for the train to arrive in the station, whether the train is there yet or not the listing falls from the display.  What if the 5:59 train arrives at 6:01?  Tough luck; hope you saw the track number before it fell off the screen.

The Patriots Train; good adventure; mediocre transit

Saturday, August 23rd, 2008
Inside Gillette Stadium

Gillette Stadium

I boarded the special so-called “Patriots Train” on Friday to see the 7:30 p.m. football exhibition against the Philadelphia Eagles. I was looking for good transit and railroading adventure. I found some adventure. As for good transit, there’s no shortage of promise — but the execution leaves something to be desired. Much like our pre-season Patriots!


View Patriots Train in a larger map

The Patriots Train is a great idea. The Patriots are Boston’s professional football franchise, but the football stadium is about twenty-five miles distant from Boston. Boston is the great walking city, and a train would be a great way to move the large group of people who are going from Boston to the game — without cars. In theory, this should be a marvelous success.

MBCR certainly puts effort into it. There was extra staff available at South Station at about 4 p.m. to run ticket collection and there were multiple audio announcements.

Where's the 4:20 Patriots Train?

South Station: Where is the Pats train?

Good thing, too, because the train — being special and all — never got posted on the main announcement board. I asked why, and the answer had something to do with the board being new. I like the board, and the newness is a plus … but that hardly seems to be a good excuse. Some of the older television devices did carry the listing. The ticketing was a little bit of a hassle, but all of the agents clearly were putting in the effort to make the train a success.

Standing room only

Filled to capacity

They were undermined, as usual, by administration and infrastructure. Seating on the train was tricky. Who would have guessed that this train is very popular. MBCR used six cars on the trainset– five single-level cars and one bi-level. At South Station, MBCR opened only three of the six cars, and those filled quickly. Only when every seat was filled (and people crammed uncomfortably together), did the conductors reluctantly open a fourth car. There was enough room for small groups to sit together at Back Bay but by the time the train left Dedham Corporate Center — it was standing room only. There just weren’t enough seats. MBCR could have used at least two more bi-level cars and still filled every seat. And really, when you think about it, every one of the six cars on that train should have been bi-level cars because it’s a long ride (as I shall explain) and particularly on the return trip (after a long night cheering) some fans really are best left alone and without seatmates. Really. Both before and after they pass out.

The train left South Station promptly at 4:24 p.m., only moments later than the scheduled time. About three hours before gametime. Arrival was scheduled for 5:30 to 6:30, depending on your source. We arrived a little after 6 p.m. It might seem surprising that a 23-mile ride would take somewhere in the vicinity of one and a half to two hours. How can that be? Well, for my train part of the reason was inadequate railroad capacity on the junction between the Franklin Line and the Northeast Corridor in Dedham. There was a traffic jam! There is a single track for all of the trains, and our train waited for fifteen minutes to allow one train to pass in the other direction. Then we passed a third train who pulled onto a siding for us. Some way to avoid traffic! There just isn’t enough track; it’s a one-lane railroad.

The beginning of the slow road.

Switching yard in Walpole

Then there’s the tale of two railroads. The map at the top shows the route of the Patriots Train in two colors. There are 19 miles marked in blue, and 4 miles marked in red. The blue miles are tracks regularly used for passenger service by MBCR. The red sections are not. There is a big difference. Just outside of Walpole Station, the train switches onto the last four miles of track, initially turning into a lightly-used rail yard. The crew requires about ten minutes in the yard to make the necessary adjustments to the track and to reverse the direction of the train. This part is the high-adventure part for a rail enthusiast, because it’s rare for fare paying service to enter these kinds of tracks. From the picture it should be obvious that they are far from pristine. That leads to a second problem. During these last four miles, the train’s speed is restricted to fewer than ten miles per hour. That is slower than your typical Patriot’s traffic jam. And it means that the speck of red-marked route on the map above consumes fully a third or half of the total time of travel on this adventure! Amazing.

Welcome to Foxboro Stadium!Now don’t get me wrong, I liked the train very much. Part of why I liked it might have been the relief and amazement on arriving at the stadium and seeing the well-worn signs for the station. Very cool. The other riders were enthusiastic and friendly. And the staff was courteous. The wait for the train on the return was long (it was more like 40 minutes from the end of an uncompetitive game) and a handful of riders were somewhat unruly, and had there been a few more seats the wait would have been pleasant.

Overall, though, unless you’re looking for a train adventure, the Patriots Train just doesn’t make good transit sense. The fare is $12 round trip per person. No one goes to a game alone, so your fare really is at least $24. If you park at one of the MBTA lots, that’s another $2. Parking at Gillette Stadium is about $40. There isn’t much of a price advantage — if you have more than three people it actually costs a whole lot more than parking. Meanwhile you spend in waiting time whatever money you hoped to save. Travel time is entirely uncompetitive; the train takes roughly double the travel time of an automobile from Boston. And that is the most favorable comparison. And it doesn’t count time required for purchasing tickets on the front end and waiting for the train to leave after the game on the back end. Those activities added about an hour of travel time round-trip. And comfort? The MBCR dropped the ball by allocating too-few seats to the trains that they sent to the game. There just weren’t enough seats, and so the train wasn’t all that comfortable.

The Patriots Train at Foxboro Stadium

Train arrived at Foxboro

So what besides railroad adventure might make the Patriots Train worth the trip? Maybe convenience, or perhaps for a Bostonian sheer simplicity and avoiding the highways. But I’m not sure there is much transit value to commend the Patriot’s Train. Which is terribly disappointing. However, the train was different, and folks were friendly and enthusiastic enough so that the whole ride almost seems to make sense.

Do you speak MBTA-ese?

Wednesday, August 20th, 2008

Have you ever wondered how to communicate with an organization as unwieldy as the MBTA? I have. I’ve tried a few approaches; I’ve emailed. You need to be patient with that approach. Three months is roughly the average response time. I’ve spoken with station agents. Many are friendly and eager to help; others aren’t and still others are difficult to find. Results are uneven and often dissatisfying. I’ve organized and written well-reasoned letters. It’s a lot of work, and sometimes it seems like more trouble than it’s worth.

Well, I think I’ve found a far more efficient way to communicate with the MBTA. It’s simple. Here’s what you do: stand in front of whatever happens to be the problem, and take a picture. This morning I took two pictures. Well, in fairness I took about ten, but they were only of two things.

Warning sign on disabled=

An escalator on the Red Line, unit No. 504, was condemned by an inspector a few weeks ago and it has been out of service ever since. It’s been about three weeks. So I stood at the top of the escalator and I took a picture. And elsewhere on the Red Line, beneath South Station, a message board that ought to be announcing trains has instead been spewing mystifying garbled nothings. As if the MBTA is trying to speak to passengers in some unknown alien language. I took a picture.

Train arrival message board under South Station

Gibberish on a message board at the South Station subway

Apparently nothing focuses the MBTA’s collective mind like the prospect of jpeg-based public humiliation, no matter how mild. Twelve hours later, the message board, although not fixed, was not displaying gibberish. And the escalator was running. That has to be the fastest response time ever! So, in the course of trying to snap a picture of what I assumed was the the MBTA’s language– the gibberish– I inadvertently began communicating well enough to be understood! Did I accidentally speak MBTA-ese?